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What is ergonomics?

1970-01-01

1. Ergonomics is a relatively new concept. The term "ergonomics" was first used by Professor Wojciech Jastrzębowski in 1857, in the magazine "Nature and Industry", in his article "Ergonomics in a sketch, or theory of work based on laws derived from Nature". Studies on ergonomics were resumed as late as the 1960s, while in Poland the science was re-discovered in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and since that time it has imperceptibly forced its way into our homes and workplaces.

2. Ergonomics has been defined in a number of ways. According to the Online version of the PWN encyclopaedia, ergonomics is derived from the Greek words érgon (work) and nómos (law). It is a field of study devoted to the analysis of the rules and methods required to adapt working conditions to meet the physical and mental features of human beings, in accordance with the requirements proper to physiology and work psychology so as to protect life and health as well as to promote the best personality development possible. In other words, it is the optimum adjustment of equipment, devices and interiors to suit our physical predispositions and social needs.

3. These days, ergonomics is applied in nearly every field focused on manufacturing convenience goods and with regard to working environments and conditions. As early as the Second World War, designers started paying attention to adjusting aircraft and other combat machinery to suit the capabilities of the average combatant. Currently, when taking advantage of the discoveries in the field of ergonomics, emphasis is being put on designing work places.

4. Ergonomics is a multidisciplinary science, because it combines three groups of exact sciences: humanities, work organisation and technology. At the moment, we differentiate between two approaches to ergonomics: conceptual and corrective. The former intends to introduce ergonomic principles while developing concepts and designing devices or interiors. On the other hand, corrective ergonomics focuses on adjusting current work stations or devices to ergonomic-specific requirements.
                   

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